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SentU.K. High Commission in India to Commonwealth Relations Office, 7th May, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
7 May 1955
Description:'CYPHER
PRIORITY
No. 555 SECRET
Your No. 953.
RHESUS MONKEYS
Indian Government has made no official announcement, and Mr. Pincher's report should be disregarded.
2. Commerce Ministry has now sanctioned export of 500 monkeys per month for the next three months to Messrs. Glaxo Laboratories, a total of 500 to the Medical Research Council and a total of 270 to Burroughs Wellcome. B.O.A.C. (?representative) [sic] has been informed.'
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SentU.K. High Commissioner in India (acting) to Commonwealth Relations Office, 13th June, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
13 Jun 1955
Description:'CYPHER
IMMEDIATE
No. 664 CONFIDENTIAL
Your telegram No. 1220 and Simmons' letter of 9th June to Cross.
RHESUS MONKEYS
...
Ministry of Commerce state that while it would be convenient for them to have a single firm handle United Kingdom requirements they would not insist on this if we wished licenses to be issued to three or four firms. They are, however, very anxious that exporters should be medical firms or air transport companies acting on their behalf. They do not repeat not wish Patterson or similar trader to act as agent if it can be avoided.
We have not yet been able to confirm from Americans here that United States National Polio Foundation have appointed Patterson as their sole agent. If they have, this would appear to be contrary to desires of Ministry of Commerce.
...'
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SentUK High Commission to Commonwealth Relations Office, 28th February, 1958 (DO 35/8639).
28 Feb 1958
Description:'CYPHER
PRIORITY
No. 322 CONFIDENTIAL
Your No. 443.
MONKEYS
Views of Medical Research Council were discussed today with Director of Indian Medical Research Council and representatives of Health Ministry. They explained that new regulations were introduced in deference to public objection against export of young monkeys and to views of Prime Minister. In order to justify change in new regulations they need cogent reasons suitable for public use. They expressed disbelief that supply of monkeys would be curtailed by new regulation; in their experience ample quantities of large monkeys are available although cost of catching and transport is higher. In order to continue discussion with them following information is required.
2. In any convenient period how many monkeys did United Kingdom import
(a) weighing below 4 lbs.
(b) 4-6 lbs.
(c) more than 6 lbs.
3. Is there any reason other than pattern of previous imports to expect that weight restriction would result in reduction of supplies of suitable monkeys.
4. It is agreed that for certain medical research purposes monkeys weighing between 4-6 lbs. are required and heavier monkeys are unsuitable. Can several examples of such purposes valuable to medical research be given.
5. New restrictions on number of monkeys per case is likewise intended to answer public criticism of cramped carrying conditions. Can firm statement be obtained from Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals that it regards carriage of nine monkeys weighing between 4-6 lbs. or seven monkeys weighing more than 6 lbs. in case 36"x9"x18" as acceptable standard of comfort having regard to established practice.'
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Recipient ofCommonwealth Relations Office to U.K. High Commission in India, 16th April, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
Description:'CYPHER IMMEDIATE
No. 767 CONFIDENTIAL
Cross's letter of 26th March to Doy [Board of Trade].
RHESUS MONKEYS
1. Urgent research work with important defense complexion and polio experimental vaccine production by Ministry of Supply and Medical Research Council Laboratories is now at a standstill for lack of monkeys.
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Recipient ofCommonwealth Relations Office to U.K. High Commissioner in India (acting), 14th June, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
14 Jun 1955
Description:'CYPHER
No. 1242 CONFIDENTIAL
Your telegram No. 664.
RHESUS MONKEYS
Most grateful for information which was extremely useful in discussions with American team headed by Mr. Bramble, United States Department, who will shortly be arriving in New Delhi.
2. The United States requirements of Rhesus monkeys for year from July 1955 to June 1956 is estimated at 175,000. In addition, United States informs us that Canadian requirements will be of the order of 30,000.
3. It has been emphasised to the Americans in the course of discussions here that we desire to avoid any action which will encourage demands for enhanced prices for monkeys. It has been suggested to the Americans that they should discuss their needs with the Indians on the basis of a humanitarian programme for the benefit of mankind as a whole.
4. The American representatives will probably raise with the Indians the question of additional supplies of Rhesus monkeys from Nepal.
...'
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Recipient ofCommonwealth Relations Office to UK High Commission (India), 26th February, 1958 (DO 35/8639).
Description:'CYPHER
No. 443 CONFIDENTIAL
Your telegram No. 313.
MONKEYS
Medical Research Council assure us that monkeys weighing less than six pounds are, repeat are useful for medical purposes. For polio vaccine purposes monkeys weighing from four pounds upwards are useful.
2. Council have no objection in principle to ban. But they are convinced that it will have effect of preventing export of number of monkeys required. They therefore ask that we should do what we can to persuade the Government of India to reconsider it.
3. Please discuss with Indian authorities and ask them to reconsider ban. If they are clearly unwilling to do this you could suggest as an alternative that ban should cover only monkeys weighing less than four repeat four pounds.
4. Council are also concerned about rumour that Indian authorities intend to introduce rule providing that cages for monkeys in transit should be slightly reduced in size and number of monkeys per cage reduced by half. Council say this should put price up, possibly by seventy-five per cent, and involve airlines in space-finding problems, without contributing to comfort of monkeys. Grateful for comment.'
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Recipient ofCommonwealth Relations Office U.K. High Commission in India, 4th June, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
4 Jun 1955
Description:'CYPHER
No. 1173 CONFIDENTIAL
Your No. 599, and 617.
RHESUS MONKEYS
Due to lack of holding space in the United Kingdom it may not be possible to take up entire allocation referred to in your No. 555 before the end of July. We are anxious to ensure a continuous flow of monkeys to the United Kingdom for medical research, particularly for the manufacture of polio vaccine and for the testing of that vaccine on the most suitable medium, which is at present the rhesus monkey. In this objective we are confident we can count on the assistance of the Government of India. ...
...'
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Recipient ofCommonwealth Relations Office to U.K. High Commission (India), 5th May, 1955 (DO 35/8639).
5 May 1955
Description:'CYPHER
PRIORITY
No. 953 SECRET
RHESUS MONKEYS
My telegram No. 911.
Following is extract from report by Chapman Pincher in today's Daily Express. Begins:
The Indian government is to lift its ban on the export of monkeys to Britain for the manufacture of anti-polio vaccine.
This was announced officially last night. But no more monkeys will be supplied for rocket experiments, atom bomb tests, or germ warfare research.
Monkeys will be sent only for medical purposes.
This agreement, which ends a four-month ban imposed after the accidental suffocation of 394 monkeys at London Airport, has been negotiated by the Commonwealth Relations Office.'
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