'What makes the dog a “domestic” animal? Despite their long-standing status as domesticated beings, historical associations between dogsand modern forms of domesticity remain, as historical geographer Philip Howell has recently highlighted, poorly understood. [note: 'Philip Howell, At Home and Astray: The Domestic Dog in Victorian Britain (Charlottesville, 2015), 11–20. See also Kay Anderson, “Animal Domestication in Geographic Perspective,” Society and Animals 6, no. 2 (January 1998): 119–35.'].' (p. 289)